Kanaya-juku

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- umakata 馬方 see below -
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Kanaya-juku 金谷宿

Station Nr. 24 of the
. Tookaidoo 東海道 53 stations of the Tokaido Road .

quote
the twenty-fourth of the fifty-three stations of the Tōkaidō. It is located in what is now part of Shimada, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. During the Edo period, it was the easternmost post station of Tōtōmi Province.

Kanaya-juku was built up on the right bank of the Ōi River across from Shimada-juku. There were over 1,000 buildings in the post town, including three honjin, one sub-honjin and 51 hatago. Travelers had an easy travel to Nissaka-shuku, which was about 6.5 km (4.0 mi) away. However, whenever the river's banks overflowed, travelers were not able to pass through Kanaya and on to Shimada-juku, as the Tokugawa shogunate had expressly forbidden the construction of any bridge on the Ōi River.



The classic ukiyoe print by Ando Hiroshige (Hoeido edition) from 1831–1834 depicts a daimyo procession on sankin kotai crossing the river. The daimyo is riding in a kago, held about the water by a makeshift platform carried by numerous porters. His retainers are attempting to wade across the river. In the background, a small village is shown in the foothills.
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !


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The Ooigawa (大井川, Ōi-gawa) Oi River, Ohigawa
is a river in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan.

The Ōi River flows from the Akaishi Mountains, the branch of the Japanese Southern Alps which form the border between Shizuoka, Nagano and Yamanashi prefectures.

The Ōi River is mentioned in Nara period records as forming the border between Tōtōmi and Suruga Provinces. However, due to shifting of the course of the river over the centuries, by the late Muromachi period, this was not always the case.

During the Edo period, the Tōkaidō developed as the major highway linking Edo with Kyoto, and daimyo from the western domains were forced to travel on a regular basis to Edo to attend to the Shogun in a system known as sankin kōtai. However, the Tokugawa shogunate prohibited the building of bridges over major rivers as a security measure, and in the case of the Ōi River, even ferryboats were forbidden.

As depicted in contemporary ukiyoe prints by artists such as Hokusai, travelers crossed the river on bearers' shoulders or on horseback. In cases of bad weather or high waters, they were forced to stay several days (or even several weeks) beside the river at post stations such as Shimada-juku or Kanaya-juku.




Because of this, the Ōi River was regarded as a black spot of the Tōkaidō. A well-known lyric states:

箱根八里は馬でも越すが
越すに越されぬ大井川

Hakone hachiri wa uma demo kosu ga,
kosu ni kosarenu Ōigawa

Even horses can cross eight ri (=31 km) of Hakone,
but the Ōi River is hard to get over in any way.

It is possible to cross over the mountains of Hakone on horseback.
But it is impossible to cross the Oi River swollen by heavy rain.

The river was bridged shortly after the Meiji Restoration, notably by the Hōrai Bridge in 1879 (which was listed as the world’s longest wooden pedestrian bridge by the Guinness Book, and by other road and railroad bridges. Today the Tōkaidō Shinkansen express train crosses the river in a few seconds.
The Ōigawa Railway runs two lines in the Ōi River valley.
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !


Three poems by Buson about the river Oigawa.
. WKD : Yosa Buson 与謝蕪村 in Edo .

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馬方は知らじ時雨の大井川
umakata wa shiraji shigure no Ooigawa

the horse guide
might not know about this winter drizzle
of river Oigawa
Tr. Gabi Greve

Written in the end of the 10th lunar month, 1691
元禄4年10月下旬, collection 泊船集.
Basho was on the way back from a trip to Kansai. He stayed at the home of Jooshu 如舟 Joshu in Shimada.
He had safely crossed the river and was in Shimada, looking at the other side to Kanaya-juku.
His horse guide was from Kanaya and had to go back with his horse.


. Basho traveling by horse .

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五月雨の空吹き落せ大井川　
samidare no / sora fukiotose / Ōi-gawa

大井川浪に塵なし夏の月 / 大井川波に塵なし夏の月
Ooigawa nami ni chiri nashi natsu no tsuki
- - - and 清滝や波に塵なき夏の月
from 笈日記 -

Placenames used by
. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .


. Tsukamoto Jooshu 塚本如舟 Joshu .
and memorial stones in Shimada-juku 島田宿 at the "Edo side" of river Oigawa.


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umakata 馬方 was the owner of the horse
or a servant in charge.
They would lead the horse by a leash, guiding the traveler from one station to the next along the Tokaido. An average day tour would cover 25 kilometers.
Each Shukuba had its own horse stable and porter stations.
High-ranking travelers could rent a palanquin.
Umakata also lead pack horses.
One of their jobs was to make sure the heavy load would not cause wounds to the back of the horse, since the saddles were made of wood.


Ando Hiroshige

Later umakata could be driving carriages, especially in the cities.


. Bakuro-chō 馬喰町 Bakurocho .
District for horse traders and horse riding in Edo.

. bafun hiroi 馬糞拾い picking up horse manure .
as a business in Edo

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Kanaya tsuchi ningyo 金谷土人形
clay dolls from Kanaya

During the end of the Edo period, there were 5 shops who made them, but by Meiji, they had all given up.


source :　www3.tokai.or.jp/yoshizen  


CLICK for more samples !

Many dolls are now made by Ozawa Wakayo 小澤和賀代, trying to keep an old tradition alive.
She has a great repertoir of traditional subjects.



source : neuneu.jp/manekineko/cat

kamishimo manekineko かみしも招き猫 beckoning cat with a formal robe
made by 小澤 和賀代
. maneki neko 招き猫 beckoning cat .



chatsumi musume 茶摘み娘土鈴 girl picking tea - clay bell


. hahako 母子 / 母と子 mother and child dolls .


source : blog.nihondorei.com


. Mingei - Shizuoka Folk Art - 静岡県　 .

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. The 53 Stations of the Tokaido 東海道五十三次 .

. Kaido 日本の街道 The Ancient Roads of Japan .


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